Which type of valve is known to offer the least resistance to flow?

The gate valve is known for providing the least resistance to flow among the various types of valves listed. This is primarily due to its design, which features a flat disc that moves parallel to the flow of fluid. When fully opened, the disc is completely out of the flow path, allowing for an unobstructed passage. This characteristic minimizes turbulence and pressure drops, facilitating maximum flow capacity.

In contrast, ball valves also have a low resistance to flow, but they are typically used for quick on/off applications rather than continuous flow. Globe valves, while excellent for throttling and regulating flow, introduce more resistance due to their internal structure that creates a more complex flow path. Check valves are designed to prevent backflow and have mechanisms that can create restrictions in flow depending on their orientation and construction.

Thus, the gate valve is the most efficient choice when the goal is to minimize flow resistance in a piping system.